
Since the 1990s tissue engineering has been heralded as a strategy to solve problems associated with bone grafting. The original concept of growing bone in the lab, however, has proven illusive – due to biological, logistic and regulatory problems – although there are now alternatives that offer new, more practicable solutions, write Theo Smit and Marco Helder of the Skeletal Tissue Engineering Group Amsterdam, and Peter Gingras of Proxy Biomedical Ltd.